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Higher education institutions use Learning Management System (LMS) to support and enhance the teaching and learning process. However, teaching and learning activities at Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) institutions differ from non-TVET institutions, so the LMS is believed to be underutilized. This paper aims to investigate why LMS use in TVET is different from the non-TVET institutions. Additionally, this paper seeks to discover important factors that can help improve the acceptance of LMS at TVET institutions. Important factors are identified from a literature review study involving articles related to LMS and TVET published between 2019 and 2022. Seven domain experts in LMS at TVET institutions were interviewed for their opinions on the initial list of factors and performed the content validity assessment. Based on Lawshe’s content validity ratio, nine factors with 51 items have been identified. These nine factors are System Quality, Service Quality, Information Quality, Motivation, Self-Discipline, Practical Training, Intention to Use, User Satisfaction and Actual Use. This study also reveals new factors that can increase the acceptance of LMS in teaching and learning in TVET institutions. Findings can assist researchers, developers, and LMS stakeholders in understanding the use of LMS at TVET institutions to ensure online TVET teaching and learning effectiveness.
Ahmad et al. (Mon,) studied this question.