Male patients with obstructive sleep apnea exhibited a pro-atherogenic lipid profile, including significantly higher levels of small HDL8-10 subfractions (24.32% vs 13.5%) compared to healthy controls.
Case-Control (n=31)
No
Does the presence of obstructive sleep apnea alter lipid metabolism and redox balance in male subjects compared to healthy controls?
Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with a pro-atherogenic lipoprotein phenotype and redox imbalance, which may contribute to accelerated atherosclerosis and increased cardiovascular risk.
Absolute Event Rate: 24.32% vs 13.5%
p-value: p=0.0006
BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disorder with a significant risk for cardiovascular diseases. Dyslipidemia and redox imbalance belong to potential mechanisms linking OSA with the development of vascular diseases. The main aim of this study was the evaluation of the presence of lipid abnormalities in OSA patients, focusing on small dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions and determination of the redox imbalance by evaluating the marker of oxidative damage to plasma lipids - lipoperoxides. METHODS: The study included 15 male subjects with polysomnographically confirmed OSA and 16 male healthy controls. Plasma levels of total cholesterol, LDL and HDL and their subfractions, triacylglycerols and lipoperoxides were determined in all study individuals. Plasma LDL and HDL subfractions were separated by the Lipoprint system which is a polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Lipoperoxide levels were determined spectrophotometrically. RESULTS: OSA patients had significantly higher triacylglycerols, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol compared to healthy controls. HDL cholesterol was not significantly different. Of the LDL and HDL subfractions, OSA patients had significantly lower levels of atheroprotective LDL1 and large HDL subfractions and significantly higher levels of atherogenic small dense LDL3-7 and HDL8-10 subfractions. Lipoperoxide levels in patients with OSA were significantly elevated compared to healthy individuals. CONCLUSION: The lipoprotein pro-atherogenic phenotype was found in individuals with OSA characterized by increased levels of atherogenic lipoprotein subfractions and reduced levels of atheroprotective subfractions. In addition, a plasma redox imbalance was found in patients with OSA compared to controls by detecting higher oxidative damage to lipids. Abnormalities in lipoprotein levels in patients with OSA, as well as the redox imbalance, could lead to an acceleration of the atherosclerotic process in predisposed individuals and thus represent a significant risk factor for vasular diseases.
Kollár et al. (2021) conducted a case-control in Obstructive sleep apnea (n=31). Obstructive sleep apnea vs. Healthy controls was evaluated on Small HDL8-10 subfractions (%) (p=0.0006). Male patients with obstructive sleep apnea exhibited a pro-atherogenic lipid profile, including significantly higher levels of small HDL8-10 subfractions (24.32% vs 13.5%) compared to healthy controls.