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in ROS generation in A549 cells, induced mitochondrial dysfunction as evidenced by JC-1 staining, induced lactate dehydrogenase release in medium, inhibited DNA synthesis and triggered apoptosis. DNA-binding studies, supported by molecular docking calculations, showed strong affinity of the compounds for double stranded DNA, to which they bind by intercalation.
Bacher et al. (Tue,) studied this question.