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This study examines the factors that influence the use of multimodal public transportation by commuters in Jakarta. It specifically focuses on service satisfaction, environmental attitudes, demographic characteristics, and social equity. Using Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), cluster analysis, and binary logistic regression, the research identifies key determinants of transportation behavior among a diverse group of commuters. The results indicate that service quality, environmental awareness, travel time, and multimodal connectivity are significant drivers of multimodal commuting. Income also emerges as an important predictor, while the effects of gender, education, marital status, age, and administrative area are mixed and less consistent. These findings suggest that improving service reliability, enhancing connectivity across modes, and promoting environmental awareness can effectively encourage multimodal commuting in Jakarta. The study contributes new evidence from a Global South megacity, emphasizing that interventions should not only enhance efficiency but also address socio-economic disparities to ensure inclusive and equitable access to public transport.
Suryawan et al. (Fri,) studied this question.