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Nutritional rehabilitation is a critical but often overlooked element in clinical practice in the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries and postoperative recovery. This review analyzes the importance of nutritional support in overcoming the hypermetabolic response and anabolic resistance that occur as a result of immobilization. Optimizing caloric intake through an individualized stress factor and ensuring high protein intake (2.0–3.0 g/kg/bm) distributed evenly throughout the day are key strategies for minimizing muscle atrophy. The article outlines the role of specific nutraceuticals such as beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), creatine monohydrate, omega-3 fatty acids (4,000 mg/day), and free forms of essential amino acids for stimulating protein synthesis and bone remodeling. The additional inclusion of vitamin D, antioxidants (vitamins A, C, and E), and probiotics optimizes immune function and tissue healing. Nutrient timing relative to therapeutic sessions is defined as a decisive factor in accelerating functional recovery. The integration of these dietary guidelines into the interdisciplinary care model is essential for a faster and safer return of patients to physical activity.
Nikolova et al. (Mon,) studied this question.