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Poor engagement in child and adolescent mental health services is a significant public health concern. The purpose of this study was to synthesize the engagement literature using a multidimensional measurement framework to identify practice elements that are associated with improved engagement. We examined 50 randomized controlled trials of interventions targeting treatment engagement in youth mental health services published between 1974 and 2016. We utilized a multidimensional measurement framework that includes five engagement domains (i.e., Relationship, Expectancy, Attendance, Clarity, Homework REACH). We also used a distillation method (Chorpita Chorpita, Daleiden, therapist monitoring to promote Homework/participation). A substantial evidence base demonstrates that engagement can be improved through specific interventions, and findings highlight opportunities to advance the field's understanding of engagement through multidimensional measurement in future studies.
Becker et al. (Fri,) studied this question.