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State-of-the-art millimeter wave (MMW) multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radars allow high precision direction of arrival (DOA) estimation with an optimized antenna aperture size 1. Typically, these systems operate using a single polarization. Fully polarimetric radars on the other hand are used to obtain the polarimetric scattering matrix (S-matrix) and extract polari-metric scattering information that otherwise remains concealed 2. Combining both approaches by assembly of a dual-polarized waveguide antenna and a 77 GHz MIMO FMCW radar system results in the fully polarimetric MIMO radar system presented in this paper. By applying a MIMO-adapted version of the isolated antenna calibration technique (IACT) from 3, the radar system is calibrated and laboratory measurements of different canonical objects such as spheres, plates, dihedrals and trihedrals are performed. A statistical evaluation of these measurement results demonstrates the usability of the approach and shows that basic polarimetric scattering phenomena are reliably identified.
Visentin et al. (Wed,) studied this question.