What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cross-Sectional. Population: Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia (n=441). Intervention: Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia vs. Healthy controls. Primary outcome: Age, sex, and BMI adjusted Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index (CAVI) (p=0.061).

January 1, 2012Open Access

Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index in Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Key Result

Adjusted cardio-ankle vascular index did not differ significantly between asymptomatic patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and healthy controls (7.5 vs 7.7, p=0.061).

Study Design

Type

Cross-Sectional (n=441)

Multicenter

Structured PICO

Is the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) different in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia compared to healthy controls?

Population

441 subjects, including 82 asymptomatic patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and 359 healthy controls, evaluated for arterial stiffness using the cardio-ankle vascular index.

Exposure

Heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia treated long-term (mean 9.2 years) with statins or statin plus ezetimibe

Comparator

Healthy controls without cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or diabetes mellitus

Outcome

Cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) measured using the VaSera 1500 systemsurrogate

In asymptomatic patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia on long-term lipid-lowering therapy, arterial stiffness measured by CAVI is comparable to that of healthy controls.

Main Result

Absolute Event Rate: 7.5% vs 7.7%

p-value: p=0.061

Limitations

Controls were not age- and sex-matched
Cannot evaluate the direct effect of statin/ezetimibe treatment on CAVI
Blood lipid values were not available for the control group

Abstract

AIM: The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) is a new non-invasive marker of arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to compare CAVI in patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and in healthy controls. METHODS: 82 FH subjects (27 males, 65 females), aged 53.7±13.6 years without clinical symptoms of cardiovascular diseases and 359 healthy controls (121 males, 238 females), aged 43.9±14.9 years, were examined. CAVI was measured using the system VaSera® 1500. RESULTS: CAVI in FH patients was significantly higher (8.0±1.4) than in healthy subjects (7.5±1.3) p = 0.002; however, age, sex and BMI adjusted CAVI did not differ significantly (p = 0.061) between the FH group (7.5, CI: 7.3; 7.7) and control group (7.7, CI: 7.6; 7.7). CONCLUSION: The study showed no significant difference in CAVI between heterozygous FH and healthy controls.

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