Abstract The study aimed to examine the nutritional composition, antioxidant properties, and mineral content of four wild-grown edible mushroom species: Laetiporus sulphureus , Auricularia auricula-judae , Pleurotus ostreatus , and Macrolepiota procera . Proximate analysis revealed high moisture content in fresh samples and significant variability in protein, fat, carbohydrate, and fiber content, largely influenced by environmental conditions, substrate composition, and developmental stage. All species exhibited low fat (0.30–3.43%) content and moderate to high protein (9.66–51.97%) levels, confirming their suitability as low-calorie, nutrient-dense foods. Carbohydrates constituted a significant part of dry matter (17.53–75.41%), and mushrooms also contribute to dietary fiber intake (4.05–13.20%). The calculated energy values ranged between 322.05 and 373.65 kcal per 100 g dry weight, with notable contributions to daily energy requirements depending on age and gender. The mushrooms demonstrated considerable antioxidant potential, with measurable total antioxidant content (TAC) and total polyphenol content (TPC), although values varied depending on extraction methods and species. Mineral analysis showed that all samples were rich in essential macroelements, particularly potassium and phosphorus, while sodium levels remained low. Among microelements, iron, zinc, and copper were present in significant amounts, with particularly high accumulation observed in M. procera . The results indicate that these wild mushrooms can serve as valuable functional foods due to their favorable nutritional profile, antioxidant activity, and contribution to recommended daily mineral intake. However, the accumulation of certain elements highlights the importance of controlled consumption, especially in vulnerable individuals and children.
Székelyhidi et al. (Fri,) studied this question.