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The use of remote sensing techniques is of wide application within the various branches of the sciences, among them, to obtain biophysical data of the Earth which can focus to establish relations of temperature between the surface and remote sensors by images. However, the objective of the present work is to estimate the surface temperature in the caatinga area, in semi-arid region during the rainy and dry period, from Landsat 8 OLI / TIRS data. The study was carried out in the Natural Monument Conservation Unit Grota do Angico, located in the semi-arid state of Sergipe, under the domination of hyperxerophilic caatinga vegetation. Images were obtained for the dry and rainy period of the Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS satellite, using its thermal bands, which were processed in ArcGIS 10.2. It was observed a difference between the periods analyzed, both of the NDVI, which was shown with almost no vegetation during the dry season, while in the rainy season it presented forest cover in all analyzed area, regarding to the surface temperature which depends on the values of the vegetation index used, which indicated a difference between the maximum and minimum temperatures of respectively 8.61 and 7.99 °C. The methodology used allowed to estimate the surface temperature in the caatinga area of the semi-arid state of Sergipe, identifying the regions with the temperatures associated to the typology of the vegetation in the different periods analyzed.
Jesus et al. (2017) studied this question.