The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction—especially in writing—is unprecedented. Among AI tools, ChatGPT stands out as a powerful resource, offering real-time, contextual feedback that goes beyond simple grammar corrections. This systematic review draws on insights from 21 studies to evaluate the impact of ChatGPT in improving EFL students’ writing skills. It looks at how AI-generated feedback compares to human feedback and reflects on the broader effect of using ChatGPT in EFL writing instruction. Research findings showed that ChatGPT significantly improves students’ accuracy, vocabulary use, fluency, and coherence. Furthermore, it motivates and encourages students’ self-regulated learning. Nevertheless, there are still some concerns, such as potential overreliance, and issues related to academic integrity. To address these issues and concerns, this systematic review outlines best practices for integrating ChatGPT into EFL writing classrooms. These include integrating AI-generated feedback with educators’ guidance, training students to use AI tools with responsibility, and ensuring educators’ supportive role. By striking a balance between AI-generated feedback and educators’ support, benefits of ChatGPT will be maximized while still keeping students’ academic integrity.
Amoush et al. (2025) studied this question.