This article develops a procedural model of behavioral norm emergence and evolution based on the recursive interplay of social action and social feedback. Behavioral norms—shared expectations about appropriate conduct—are foundational to social organization, yet their formation and dynamics remain difficult to model concretely. We address this challenge by introducing social rewards—tangible or symbolic benefits received in response to behavior—as the core mechanism linking individual action to collective patterns. Our model shows how agents monitor and adapt their behavior based on feedback, leading to the stabilization of shared practices, the emergence of reputation hierarchies, and the diffusion of norms through imitation and influence. These dynamics drive the co-evolution of norms and social networks, with reputation connecting individual behavior to broader patterns of coordination and social order. While existing theories often focus on why behavioral norms exist, our model addresses the how. We argue that norms are not merely imposed from above, but co-constructed from below through iterative acts of validation and imitation. The article is part of a trilogy that applies the proposed procedural model to the emergence of behavioral norms, interpretive schemas, and symbolic power structures. Taken together, these papers advance sociological theory by demonstrating how a single procedural mechanism—adaptive reflexivity to socially structured feedback—can generate multiple core features of social organization, bridging micro-level processes with macro-level structures.
Marbach et al. (2025) studied this question.