The article analyzes the transformation of the international climate agenda into a strategic mechanism for the global redistribution of resources and influence. It has been established that the climate agenda is no longer exclusively environmental and is used as a tool of geo-economic struggle. The key subject of the competition is control over the architecture of the global energy balance, in which the development of the Russian fuel and energy complex is associated with a number of risks associated with the introduction of various restrictions on the production and consumption of hydrocarbons. The article assesses the threats and constraints faced by Russian energy resource exporters in foreign markets, and identifies tools and mechanisms to ensure the protection of national interests in the face of climate-motivated barriers. Protecting Russia’s interests requires active participation in international organizations (OPEC+, BRICS) and the promotion of alternative scenarios for sustainable energy development. It is also necessary to intensify bilateral and multilateral cooperation in the fields of trade, investment and technology, bypassing climate restrictions.
Filippova et al. (2025) studied this question.