Mindfulness is one of the growing techniques for promoting mental health and reducing stress among adolescents. This paper presents a systematic review of the effects of various mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs), including mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT), on the stress, emotion regulation, and well-being of adolescents. It reviews the innovative applications and potential of digital mindfulness interventions from both physiological and psychological perspectives, including mobile apps and virtual reality (VR). The paper critically assesses the potential risks of current applications of mindfulness, the loss of its essence through commercialization ("McMindfulness"), and methodological flaws in previous research. The review indicates that to optimize the potential of mindfulness, future practices must change from the "one-size-fits-all" model to "precision intervention," from "fragmented training" to "professional empowerment," and keep up a critical balance from "technology worship" to "humanistic integration." Future research should focus on more rigorous long-term follow-up studies and cross-cultural comparisons so as to provide more effective, cautious, and sustainable support for the promotion of adolescent mental health.
Tianle Fu (2025) studied this question.