This study aims to explain the effect of the circular economy on implementing sustainable business through the green economy variable. The topic takes 3 (three) aspects, including economic, social, and environmental, by taking several indicators according to the variables used. In this study, the green economy variable will then be identified as a moderator or intervening variable, which will determine the relationship between the circular economy and sustainable business. This study uses primary data through the method of distributing questionnaires and secondary data as supporting data. The research object used is the sustainable business-based Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) of the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) community. The research sample used was 300 obtained using a random sampling technique based on Isaac and Michael’s Table. The method of analysis used multivariate data analysis including factor analysis with SEM-PLS covariance. The results show that the green economy is a moderating and intervening variable for the circular economy on sustainable business with a positive relationship. This research is recommended to the MSME of the GRI community, academics concerned with sustainability studies, and the general public who observe sustainability.
Yudawisastra et al. (2025) studied this question.