Factors of soft skills development in vocational (vocational and technical) education students

The article considers the relevance of “soft skills” development among students of vocational (vocational and technical) education in the context of rapid technological changes and increasing automation of production processes. It is noted that the modern labor market increasingly prioritizes employees with a high level of soft skills, which include personal qualities, social, and communication competencies. These qualities ensure effective interpersonal interaction, adaptability, self-organization, and the ability to solve various problems. It is emphasized that soft skills acquire the status of “metaskills”, enabling graduates to flexibly adapt to new working conditions and quickly master new knowledge and technologies. An analysis of scientific works by Ukrainian and foreign researchers was conducted, confirming the growing interest in this issue. International studies, particularly by the World Economic Forum, highlight leadership, critical thinking, creativity, emotional intelligence, and the ability to learn throughout life as the most sought-after skills. The article summarizes various approaches to defining “soft skills”, emphasizing their supra-professional nature and necessity in any type of professional activity. The key factors for the effective formation and development of soft skills in vocational (vocational and technical) education students are identified and substantiated. These include: integrating soft skills into curricula and educational programs; utilizing interactive and problem-oriented teaching methods (project-based learning, case studies, role-playing games, debates, brainstorming); creating a supportive educational environment that encourages initiative and cooperation; establishing effective feedback and promoting reflection; collaborating with employers (involving businesses in program development, organizing internships, dual education); and the personal example of the teacher as a role model. It is emphasized that the targeted implementation of these factors forms the basis for highquality vocational training, ensuring the adaptability, mobility, and success of vocational (vocational and technical) education graduates in the labor market.