The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), as a neutral and independent humanitarian organisation, underscores the vital function of maritime transport in sustaining the global distribution of goods and essential supplies. Armed conflict that disrupts maritime supply chains increases humanitarian risks, particularly for civilian populations and critical infrastructure across the Indo-Pacific region. This study applies a qualitative content analysis using international legal instruments, institutional reports, and peer-reviewed publications from the past decade. The analysis centres on International Humanitarian Law (IHL) as the core legal framework for mitigating the effects of armed conflict by protecting civilians and regulating the conduct of hostilities. The findings demonstrate that IHL retains its significance despite the evolving complexity of modern conflict and growing dependence on maritime systems. Ensuring its effective implementation requires broad-based understanding and universal commitment to uphold humanitarian norms amidst contemporary security threats.
Masayoshi Mita (2025) studied this question.