This research focuses on assessing the cost of quality in the construction industry of Pakistan, particularly duringthe design and construction phase of building projects. Through a quantitative approach, data was collected from125 questionnaires, group discussions, and interviews. The study aims to analyze critical factors influencingquality using the Relative Importance Index (RII) and Mean Item Score (MIS) method, as well as to calculate thetotal Cost of Quality as a percentage. Findings indicate a significant lack of emphasis on quality managementpractices within construction organizations, with many failing to allocate budgets for quality assurance andcontrol. Critical factors affecting the Cost of Quality include project complexity and size, efficiency of qualitymanagement systems, contractor classification, supervision team experience, and project location. Furthermore,the total cost of quality for construction projects was found to be 54.32%, with prevention costs accounting for15.5% of the budget, appraisal costs constituting 12.3% of the budget, internal failure costs amounting to 13.9%of the budget, and external failure costs totaling 12.6% of the budget. Recommendations include the developmentof clear quality policies, prioritizing critical factors affecting quality, proper allocation of budget for qualitycontrol, and establishment of dedicated quality control management departments within organizations. This studycontributes to understanding the importance of quality management in construction projects and highlights theneed for proactive quality assurance and control mechanisms to enhance project outcomes and mitigate financialrisks.
Khan et al. (2024) studied this question.