Hydroponics is a method of agriculture that eliminates soil, utilizing fewer water and resources compared to traditional earth-based farming techniques. The hydroponic agriculture technology yields significantly per acre while utilizing less water, potentially addressing the increasing global food demand. The fertility of hydroponic plants must be maintained; adequate nourishment, optimal ambient temperature, and nutrient stability are essential. A farmer will find it easier to monitor all hydroponic plants through the automatic regulation of fertilizer flow and the constancy of ambient temperature. This paper proposed a hydroponic cultivation nutrient supply(HCNS) system for intelligent agriculture. In order to implement the system proposed in the paper, Raspberry Pi, which is widely used in embedded systems, was used. In addition, the system configured a center network using various sensors. The implemented system detects environmental information through sensors and controls hydroponic cultivation. Such an automated system reduces human workload and increases efficiency. The deployment of sensors and actuators enables immediate responsiveness to the requirements of the plant without delay. The HCNS has great precision, high efficiency, and minimal latency.
Park et al. (2025) studied this question.