One of the serious problems that the world faces today is environmental degradation and there is a dire need to find the extent of this degradation due to macroeconomic activities, as almost every country aims for rapid economic growth, so this present study throws light on the interrelationship among these variables. This study aims to analyse the effects of economic growth, energy usage and tourism activity on environmental degradation in Asian Emerging and Developing Economies from 1995 to 2022. The study employed the fixed effect, random effect models, along with the FGLS model. The existing literature does not reach a consensus on how different macroeconomic variables affect the environment, hence it’s necessary to have a deeper understanding of how these variables interact. The empirical analysis indicates negative significant effects of economic expansion and tourism, while energy consumption positively influenced the environmental indicator. These findings could be utilised for drafting regulatory measures in the selected countries, taking into account the fragile balance between economic prosperity and the environment.
Kaondal et al. (2025) studied this question.