Sustainable Materials Selection in Building Design and Construction

This systematic review explores the selection and utilization of sustainable materials in building design and construction, emphasizing their environmental, economic, and social impacts. The review follows the PRISMA guidelines, identifying 50 relevant studies published between 2010 and 2023. The findings highlight that sustainable materials, including recycled steel, bamboo, and low-carbon concrete, significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption, and resource depletion compared to traditional materials. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) proved crucial in evaluating these environmental benefits. Economically, although the initial costs of sustainable materials are often higher, their long-term financial advantages—such as reduced operational costs, energy savings, and lower maintenance expenses—make them viable investments. Market trends indicate that growing demand is gradually lowering the costs of these materials. Socially, sustainable materials improve indoor air quality, reduce the health risks associated with volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and enhance occupant well-being, promoting community engagement by supporting local economies. Despite these benefits, challenges remain, particularly regarding the availability and cost of sustainable materials in developing regions. The review concludes that overcoming these barriers requires continued technological advancements, government incentives, and more robust regulatory frameworks to accelerate the adoption of sustainable building practices. Overall, the review emphasizes the critical role of sustainable materials in addressing climate change, promoting economic sustainability, and fostering social inclusivity in construction while underscoring the need for global efforts to support the transition towards eco-friendly and resilient built environments.