A Prediction Method for City Traffic Noise Based on Traffic Simulation under a Mixed Distribution Probability

Predicting and assessing urban traffic noise is crucial for environmental management. This paper establishes a traffic noise simulation method based on microscopic traffic simulation, utilizing a traffic simulation under a mixed distribution probability combining normal and exponential distributions. This method integrates a single-vehicle noise prediction model to compute the spatial distribution of noise. Comparison with empirical data demonstrates that the proposed model effectively predicts the level of traffic noise. The accuracy of the model is validated through comparison with measured data, showing minimum and maximum errors of 3.60 dB(A) and 4.37 dB(A), respectively. Additionally, the noise spatial results under microscopic traffic models are compared with those under line source models, revealing that the proposed model provides a more detailed and realistic noise spatial distribution. Furthermore, the noise variation patterns between stable and time-varying traffic flows are investigated. Results indicate that noise levels fluctuate under stable traffic flow, whereas under time-varying traffic flow, noise values exhibit a stepped change.