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2024 5th International Conference on Educational Reform, Management Science and Sociology (ERMSS 2024) was successfully held online during July 06-07, 2024, in Detroit, USA. This conference aims to become a springboard for research, innovation and entrepreneur sharing several key technological developments and emerging applications of informatization in education technology, information management, engineering management, business management and public management. ERMSS 2024 invited scholars and experts in related fields from various universities to participate in the review and guidance of this conference. The conference focuses on the latest research fields, and aims to provide an international cooperation and exchange platform for experts, scholars and business managers to share their research achievements, discuss the key challenges and research directions of the development, and jointly promote the industrialization cooperation and continuous innovation of international academic achievements. This collection of proceedings compiles oral and paper presentations submitted by the authors and scrutinized by the special committee. Organizing Committees of ERMSS Detroit, USA
Coleridge et al. (2024) studied this question.