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This paper aims to discuss the application and development trend of 3D point cloud technology in different fields. As an effective means of digitizing the real world, 3D point cloud has been widely used in many fields, including computer-aided design, building information modeling, geographic information systems, robot navigation, autonomous vehicles, and the digitalization of cultural relics. In this paper, the techniques of acquiring 3D point cloud data are summarized, including laser scanning, structured light scanning and time flight measurement. Then, the latest developments in point cloud data preprocessing were analyzed. Further, the challenges of 3D point cloud technology are discussed, such as large data volume, slow processing speed and high precision requirements. Finally, this paper looks forward to the future development direction of 3D point cloud technology, especially in the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning technology application potential. Through this study, we expect to provide researchers and practitioners in related fields with a comprehensive understanding of 3D point cloud technology and promote its application in a wider range of fields.
Yuan et al. (2024) studied this question.