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The persistent clashes between farmers and herders in Nigeria pose significant challenges to food security and household income, exacerbating poverty and undermining socio-economic development in rural communities. This paper contributes to the discourse by examining the multifaceted impacts of farmers-herders conflicts on food production, livelihoods, and economic well-being in Nigeria. Drawing on a review of existing literature, empirical data, and case studies, this research explores the root causes, dynamics, and consequences of farmers-herders conflicts in Nigeria. It scrutinizes how these conflicts disrupt agricultural activities, destroy crops and livestock, displace communities, exacerbate food insecurity, and deplete household income, particularly among vulnerable populations. Building on these insights, the paper proposes a set of recommendations for addressing farmers-herders conflicts and enhancing food security and household income in Nigeria. These recommendations encompass strategies for conflict resolution, sustainable land use policies, livelihood diversification, strengthening government institutions, and promoting inter-communal dialogue and cooperation. By implementing these recommendations stakeholders can work towards mitigating the adverse effect of farmers-herders conflict, promoting peacebuilding and inclusive development in Nigeria.
Okopi et al. (2024) studied this question.