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In November 2022, ChatGPT3, an advanced AI-powered chatbot, emerged suddenly, generating significant interest in higher education. Concerns arose regarding its potential to complicate the authentication of genuine student work. While some foresaw negative impacts, we advocate a positive outlook, suggesting educators can utilize ChatGPT to cultivate supportive learning environments that enhance students' character development. Our study thoroughly explores ChatGPT's implications for education in underdeveloped countries, examining both opportunities and challenges within AI research in education. We investigate practical applications, and potential benefits, and propose responsible integration strategies for students, teachers, and schools in utilizing ChatGPT for learning and assessment. Emphasizing ethical use, we stress leadership, character development, and authentic assessment as crucial factors. Despite concerns about academic integrity, we highlight ChatGPT's dual nature, it can facilitate cheating but also has the potential to deepen learning experiences. Our research focuses on understanding ChatGPT's impact on education from both student and teacher perspectives, discussing future trends in learning and teaching. The strategic integration of ChatGPT and AI in universities demands ethical foresight, personalized learning strategies, and ongoing research to optimize educational benefits while preserving core values and fostering student development.
Shabbir et al. (2024) studied this question.