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The author of the article presents a study on the dialectics of the universal spirit from the perspective of Russian philosophy. The interrelation of concepts such as "national spirit," "folk soul," "national self-consciousness," "national character," and others is analyzed. The significance of the "Russian idea" for Russian self-consciousness is shown, revealing the uniqueness of the worldview of the Russian people, basic traditional values, and the distinctive path of civilization development. A historical overview and the stages of the development of ideas about the "Russian idea" are provided, highlighting the peculiarities of the development of national self-consciousness. The author elaborates on the idea that the "Russian idea" is one of the philosophical foundations of national self-consciousness, representing a unique understanding of the Russian soul and national character. The author employs methods of historical-philosophical analysis and the cultural studies method, allowing for an analysis of the course of historical changes in ideas about the Russian idea over centuries.
Khvoshchevskaia I.V. (2024) studied this question.