Teachers’ perceptions towards practical work in chemistry teaching: A case of selected high schools in South Africa

This study examines how physical sciences teachers in South African high schools perceive the use of practical work in chemistry instruction. The study is grounded in the framework of social constructivism. Qualitative research methods, including semi-structured interviews and classroom observations, were employed to gather insights from a purposively selected sample of four high school chemistry teachers, each from a different high school. The aim was to explore their perspectives on the incorporation of practical work in chemistry teaching. Thematic analysis of the data revealed a range of insights into teachers' perceptions. The findings indicate that teachers recognise the value of practical work in engaging students and reinforcing theoretical knowledge. However, they also face several challenges that hinder its effective implementation, such as inadequate laboratory facilities, limited access to resources, time constraints, and insufficient teacher training. Despite these obstacles, teachers demonstrate a strong commitment to integrating practical work into their teaching and employ innovative strategies to overcome these barriers. They highlight the need for increased support from educational authorities in terms of resource provision, professional development opportunities, and curriculum alignment. The study provides recommendations for educational policymakers, curriculum developers, and teacher training institutions to address these perceived challenges and enhance the quality of chemistry teaching and learning in South African high schools.