Overview and development of PID control

Proportional integral differential control, referred to as PID control, is one of the earliest developed control methods, which is widely used in industrial process control because of its simple control algorithm, high reliability and good robustness. The classic PID controller is the simplest control system, but the actual control object usually has the characteristics of strong interference, transient uncertainty, nonlinearity, etc, so it is difficult to achieve the ideal control effect with the classic PID controller. In addition, with complex parameter tuning methods, it is often difficult to find an optimal result for the parameters of the classical PID controller. These factors lead to the fact that classical PID control cannot be applied to complex systems and high-performance systems, so people continue to develop PID control methods, introduce new models, and develop fuzzy PID controllers, expert PID controllers, neural network PID controllers, and PID controllers based on genetic algorithms. This paper will review the development history of PID controllers, and introduce fuzzy PID controllers, expert PID controllers, neural network PID controllers, and PID controllers based on genetic algorithms. The research status and future development prospects of these controllers are also prospected.