The article characterizes the state-legal system of "ancient" Rome, focusing on problematic issues of the relationship between theoretical and applied, public and private law, individuals and legal entities, attitudes towards property, etc. The hypothesis of the "cultural compatibility" of Roman civilization with "post-Roman" state-legal public formations (barbarian empires and kingdoms) is substantiated, which made it possible to implement the reception of Roman law into the emerging European one, and this, in turn, ensured that Latin legal terminology was given the status of international (world) the language of public and private law. A comparison of the European (Romano-German) and Russian legal systems is carried out. The conclusion is made about the non-identity of European and Russian public law. The latter, representing a self-sufficient civilizational education, did not synthesize, but extrapolated Latin legal terminology, filling the borrowed conceptual forms with its own, qualitatively different from the authentic content.
Romashov et al. (2025) studied this question.