DOA estimation technology based on array signal processing nested array

Research on non-uniform arrays has always been a focus of attention for scholars both domestically and internationally. Part of the research concentrates on existing non-uniform arrays, while another part focuses on optimizing the position of array elements or expanding the structure. Of course, there are also studies on one-dimensional and two-dimensional DOA estimation algorithms based on array spatial shapes, despite some issues. As long as there is a demand for spatial domain target positioning, the development and refinement of non-uniform arrays will continue to be a hot research direction. Nested arrays represent a unique type of heterogeneous array, whose special geometric shape significantly increases degrees of freedom and enhances estimation performance for directional information of undetermined signal sources. Compared to other algorithms, the one-dimensional DOA estimation algorithm based on spatial smoothing simplifies algorithm complexity, improves estimation accuracy under nested arrays, and can effectively handle the estimation of signal sources under uncertain conditions. The DFT algorithm it employs not only significantly improves angular estimation performance but also reduces operational complexity, utilizing full degrees of freedom to minimize aperture loss. Furthermore, the DFT-MUSIC method greatly reduces algorithmic computational complexity while performing very closely to the spatial smoothing MUSIC algorithm. The sparse arrays it utilizes, including minimum redundancy arrays, coprime arrays, and nested arrays, are a new type of array. Sparse arrays can increase degrees of freedom compared to traditional uniform linear arrays and solve the estimation of signal source angles under uncertain conditions, while also enhancing algorithm angular estimation performance.