Concerning its original mandates and with consideration to its original aims, the United Nations Security Council has largely failed to fulfill its duty and hence has become ineffective. According to the two "timeless procedural obstacles": veto and membership concluded by Weiss, the permanent members are abusing their veto privilege, rendering the UNSC ineffective, while the current geopolitical landscape of the current and future world is not represented within the Council, which was established and fixed since 1945. Both problems are increasingly relevant in our multipolar, globalized 21st Century world. Based on these two main factors, the Security Council has been unable to effectively accomplish its paramount duty of maintaining international peace and security. Problems exposed by the Security Council desperately need practical, persistent, and immediate solutions and reforms as the world tries its best to prevent tensions from developing into regional and global conflicts. However, the future of the Security Council represents a gloomy picture. Unfortunately, proposals that can be potentially adopted will not effectively address the underlying problems, and recommendations aimed at addressing these problems are not likely to pass the legal barriers outlined in the United Nations Charter. Reforming the Security Council is a long and winding road. With the current level of global consensus, it won't be easy to see the United Nations Security Council reformed and reconstructed.
Shao et al. (2024) studied this question.