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The lysimetric method for studying the balance of nutrients and their migration from the active root layer of soil is one of the most accurate and advanced methods in modern agrochemistry. Using a lysimetric experiment, the intensity of the discharge of excess moisture into groundwater and chemical substances dissolved in it is established. Studies carried out in the lysimetric laboratory have shown that weather conditions significantly influence potato yields, which critically depend on summer precipitation. With many years of systematic use of mineral fertilizers for potatoes, over time the efficiency of the applied fertilizers increased. If, when growing the first potato crop in general rotation (1989), the yield of tubers in the variant with the application of a high dose of mineral fertilizers and a complex of plant protection products was 24 % higher than the control variant, then in 2005 this figure was 70 % higher than the control, and in 2015 – 2.7 times.
Potapova et al. (2024) studied this question.