Genetic risk accentuates dietary effects on hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in a population-based cohort

Background the steatosis PRS interacted with fish intake; and TM6SF2 genotype interacted with red/processed meat intake, to affect LFC. Dietary effects on LFC were up to 3.8 times as high in PNPLA3-rs738409-GG vs. -CC individuals, and 1.4-3.0 times as high in the top vs. bottom quartile of the steatosis PRS. Gene-diet interactions were stronger in participants with vs. without overweight. The steatosis PRS interacted with Mediterranean diet and fruit/vegetable/legume intake to affect cT1 and most dietary and genetic predictors associated with risk of liver-related events or mortality by age 70.ConclusionsEffects of diet on LFC and cT1 were markedly accentuated in patients at increased genetic risk for SLD, implying dietary interventions may be more impactful in these populations.