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The rise in EV mobility has encouraged the growth of V2G technology. The vehicle-to-grid technology allows bidirectional power flow between the battery of the EV and the grid. In the G2V mode of operation, EV batteries are charged from the grid. Bidirectional buck-boost converters allow power flow control, load balancing, and distributed resource integration, contributing to grid stability and resilience. It also helps in the synchronization of renewable energy sources with the grid by stepping up or down the voltage to match the grid requirements. The proposed system consists of a bidirectional DC-DC converter, which is used to control the power flow in both directions. A MATLAB Simulink model for the converter has been simulated with a PI controller to operate in a closed-loop mode. In addition to the simulation, a prototype model of the converter has been developed.
Anuja et al. (2024) studied this question.