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Abstract: This article uses the spirituality of Ignatius Loyola's Spiritual Exercises to show theologically Christianity's intrinsic bearing on American racism. Working from a definition of racism, and inspired by the work of Ignacio Ellacuría, it stipulates certain modern theological principles for interpreting the Exercises in a racist context, and then proposes four dimensions of the logic of the Exercises that bring them to bear on Christian life in America today.
Roger Haight (2024) studied this question.