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The University of Massachusetts Dartmouth has a long history spanning 5 decades of graduate courses offerings and research in underwater acoustics, transduction and signal processing leading to M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering. Collaborations between Marine Science, Physics, Mechanical, Bioengineering, and Electrical Engineering departments offer many interdisciplinary opportunities in Acoustics. Courses include Fundamentals of Acoustics, Vibrations, Underwater Acoustics, Electroacoustic Transducers, Medical Ultrasonics, Sonar, Digital Signal Processing, Array Processing, Random Signals, Information Theory, Communications, Detection and Estimation. Many unique facilities including an Underwater Acoustic Test Tank, Open-Ocean water access, and Unmanned Underwater Vehicles support both undergraduate and graduate projects. Research focuses include transducers and transduction science, materials characterization, calibration, array and sonar signal processing, animal bioacoustics, communications, detection and estimation, active and passive sonar funded by Office of Naval Research and Industry.
Brown et al. (2024) studied this question.