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A 35-year-old male reported to the emergency department after a road traffic accident with complaints of chest pain on the left side and breathing difficulty. On the primary survey, his GCS was full, his airway was patent, breathing spontaneously with a respiratory rate of 28/min with paradoxical movement on the left of the chest, heart rate of 102/min, and blood pressure of 116/78 mmHg.
Yudhyavir et al. (2024) studied this question.