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Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a complex disorder with high morbidity and mortality. Limited efficacies of the available drugs drive researchers to seek for new therapies. Saroglitazar (Saro), a full (PPAR α/γ) agonist, is devoid of known PPAR-mediated adverse effects. Breast milk mesenchymal stem cells (BrMSCs) are contemplated to be the ideal cell type harboring differentiation/anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive properties. Accordingly, our aims were to investigate the potential roles of Saro and/or BrMSCs in PF and to spot their underlying protective mechanisms. In this study, PF was induced by bleomycin (BLM) via intratracheal instillation. Treatment started 14 days later. Animals were treated with oral saroglitazar (3 mg/kg daily) or intraperitoneal single BrMSCs injection (0.5 ml phosphate buffer saline (PBS) containing 2 × 10
Hassan et al. (2024) studied this question.