Abstract After 10 years in plantation, trees representing 23 seed sources throughout the range of Pinus echinata Mill. displayed well-defined patterns of variation in survival, total height, volume, and degree of early cone production. Near the northern extremity of the range, "local" trees survived better than trees of central or southern origin. Trees from the warmest parts of the range grew fastest in Coastal Plain plantings and in areas with mean annual temperatures as much as 6°F below that where the seed was collected. By age 10 years, trees from northern sources had flowered more extensively than trees of southern origin. Seed collection and planting zones for shortleaf pine have been mapped on the basis of these results. Forest Sci. 16:415-423.
Wells et al. (1970) studied this question.
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