CBTRUS Statistical Report: Primary Brain and Other Central Nervous System Tumors Diagnosed in the United States in 2018–2022

Abstract The Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS), an aggregation of data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s National Program of Cancer Registries and the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results program, is the largest population-based registry focused exclusively on primary brain and other central nervous system (CNS) tumors in the United States (US). As of this report, the CBTRUS database represents the entire US population. This report contains the most up-to-date population-based data on primary brain tumors and supersedes all previous reports in terms of completeness and accuracy. All rates are age-adjusted using the 2000 US standard population and presented per 100,000 population. Between 2018 and 2022, the average annual age-adjusted incidence rate (AAAIR) of all primary malignant and non-malignant brain and other CNS tumors was 26.05 per 100,000 population (malignant AAAIR=6.86 and non-malignant AAAIR=19.19). Incidence was higher in women compared to men (29.67 versus 22.23 per 100,000) and in non-Hispanic Black individuals compared to non-Hispanic White (27.40 versus 26.36 per 100,000), non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native (24.38 per 100,000), non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander (20.42 per 100,000), and Hispanic individuals of all races (24.69 per 100,000). Gliomas accounted for 22.2% of all tumors. The most commonly occurring malignant brain and other CNS histopathology was glioblastoma (13.7% of all tumors and 52.2% of all malignant tumors), and the most common non-malignant histopathology was meningioma (42.6% of all tumors includes malignant meningioma and 57.4% of all non-malignant tumors). Glioblastoma was more common in men, and meningioma was more common in women. In children and adolescents (ages 0-19 years), the incidence rate of all primary brain and other CNS tumors was 5.99 per 100,000 population. Overall, there were 88,186 total deaths attributed to malignant brain and other CNS tumors between 2018 and 2022, representing an average of 17,637 deaths per year and an average annual mortality rate of 4.41 per 100,000 population. The five-year relative survival rate following diagnosis of a malignant brain or other CNS tumor was 34.8%, while it was 91.7% for a non-malignant brain or other CNS tumor.