We explore the growing intersection of artificial intelligence (AI) and disinformation, examining its implications for journalism and mass communication. We propose a working definition of AI disinformation, highlighting its role in the production, dissemination, and perception of misleading content. While AI technologies enable hyper-realistic synthetic media and targeted influence campaigns, empirical evidence on their impact remains mixed. We critically assess both alarmist and dismissive narratives, calling for a nuanced, evidence-based approach. Finally, we explore how AI can also serve as a tool to detect and counter disinformation, emphasizing the dual-use nature of AI in today’s complex information environment.
Sikorski et al. (2025) studied this question.