Abstract As renewable energy sources gain distinction in distributed power generation, micro-grid systems integrating solar photovoltaic (PV), micro-turbine-based wind energy, and flywheel energy storage have developed as sustainable solutions. This paper presents a novel design methodology for a hybrid micro-grid system that optimally integrates these components, ensuring enhanced efficiency, resilience, and stability. In a grid outage or weak-grid scenario, a flywheel provides instant backup until wind/solar/storage catches up. The distributed nature ensures that local power supply is maintained, thereby reducing blackout risks. Flywheels avoid chemical waste, unlike batteries. The proposed hybrid micro-grid system represents an innovative approach to distributed power generation in terms of triple energy sources and storage type is in the form of mechanical and the response speed is ultra fast (few milli seconds), fast response time (milliseconds), ideal for voltage/frequency regulation Handling sudden load changes or source fluctuations high reliability due to multiple backups and high sustainability. This hybrid system is suitable for decentralized operation, which allows each unit to make local decisions. This research contributes to advancing micro-grid technology, supporting the transition towards sustainable and resilient energy infrastructures. A key contribution of this work is the design of a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) for dynamic energy management and control of DC–DC converters. Advanced control algorithms (like fuzzy logic, manage real-time source prioritization, power quality regulation, and energy storage control). It enables multi-input, multi-output decision-making that traditional PID or rule-based controllers can’t handle efficiently. Handles nonlinear, variable, and uncertain conditions better than conventional methods. Comparative analysis reveals that the FLC outperforms conventional PID controllers, offering a significantly faster dynamic response and reducing output ripples to a greater extent. This leads to improved power quality, enhanced system life, and optimized energy utilization.
Habib Kraiem (2025) studied this question.