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December 10, 2025Optica Quantum3 citationsOpen Access

Quantum frequency conversion of single photons from a tin-vacancy center in diamond

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JBJulia M. BrevoordJGJan Fabian GeusTTTim Turan

Key Points

  • To address the mismatch between photon emission from tin-vacancy centers and telecom networks by demonstrating quantum frequency conversion.
  • Demonstrated quantum frequency conversion of 619 nm photons to 1480 nm using a KTA crystal.
  • Combined 619 nm photons with 1064 nm pump light in an actively stabilized cavity.
  • Generated a string of photons from waveguide-embedded SnV centers using excitation pulses.
  • Achieved internal conversion efficiency of (48 ± 3) % and external efficiency of (28 ± 2) %.
  • Demonstrated noise photon rate of (2.2 ± 0.9) cts/s/pm, which remains spectrally flat across a 40 GHz range.
  • Maintained efficiency above 80% over a frequency range of 70 GHz.

Abstract

Diamond tin-vacancy (SnV) centers are promising candidates for building quantum network nodes. However, their native photon emission at 619 nm is incompatible with metropolitan-scale networks operating at low-loss telecom wavelengths. To address this, we demonstrate highly efficient, low-noise quantum frequency conversion (QFC) of 619 nm photons to the telecom S-band at 1480 nm. The conversion process combines 619 nm photons with 1064 nm pump light in an actively stabilized cavity containing a bulk monocrystalline potassium titanyl arsenate (KTA) crystal. We achieve an internal (external) conversion efficiency of (48 ± 3) % ((28 ± 2) %) and a noise photon rate per wavelength of (2.2 ± 0.9) cts/s/pm, which is spectrally flat in the investigated frequency range of 40 GHz. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the efficiency remains above 80% of its maximum over a frequency range of 70 GHz. Finally, we generate a string of photons from a single waveguide-embedded SnV − center using a train of excitation pulses and send these through the QFC. After the QFC, we observe telecom light displaying the SnV lifetime, confirming successful conversion. These results represent a critical step towards metropolitan-scale fiber-based quantum networks using SnV − centers.

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Cite This Study

Brevoord et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69401d412d562116f28f84fdhttps://doi.org/10.1364/opticaq.576448
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