In today’s rapidly changing world, the protection of human rights for vulnerable groups has emergedas a global priority. Among these groups, the elderly constitute a particularly sensitive section, oftenfacing social neglect and economic insecurity. Across nations, the status and treatment of older personsvary according to cultural, economic, and legal contexts. The elderly are typically identified asindividuals beyond the age of active employment, representing a phase of life marked by decliningphysical strength, increased dependence, and a greater need for healthcare and emotional support.Traditionally, Indian society has held deep respect for its elders, viewing their care as both a moral andfamilial duty. However, contemporary realities evident in the rise of old-age homes and institutionalcare raise critical questions about whether such traditional values continue to thrive. Are the rights ofsenior citizens in India protected merely by custom, or are they substantiated through enforceable legaland human rights mechanisms? The Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Life as a fundamentalright, which judicial interpretation has broadened to include the Right to Live with Dignity. In addition,various international conventions and policy frameworks advocate for the welfare and empowermentof the elderly. This paper critically examines India’s position regarding the human rights of its olderpopulation. It explores constitutional and statutory safeguards, judicial pronouncements, and welfareschemes aimed at promoting their well-being. Furthermore, it assesses the living conditions in bothstate-run and privately managed old-age homes, alongside a comparative study of international bestpractices. The study concludes by proposing reforms to strengthen India’s commitment to protectingthe dignity, autonomy, and rights of its elderly citizens.
Gyan Chand Yadav (2025) studied this question.