The global transition towards decentralized, decarbonized energy systems worldwide must include robust methods for controlling hybrid AC/DC microgrids to integrate diverse renewables and storage technologies effectively. This paper presents a Finite Control Set–Model Predictive Control (FCS-MPC) architecture for coordinated control of a hybrid microgrid comprising photovoltaic and wind generation, along with an energy storage system and MATLAB/Simulink component-level modeling. The islanded and grid-connected modes of operation are seamlessly simulated at the component level, ensuring maximum power point tracking and stability. The method has been experimentally validated through dynamic simulations across a range of operating conditions, demonstrating good performance: PV and wind MPPT efficiency > 99%, DC-link voltage control with < 2% overshoot, AC voltage THD < 3%, and efficient grid synchronization. It is superior to conventional PID and sliding mode control in terms of dynamic response, voltage deviation (reduced compared to before), and power quality. The proposed FCS-MPC is an all-in-one solution to enhance the stability, reliability, and efficiency of modern hybrid microgrids.
Malik et al. (2026) studied this question.