The rising concentration of atmospheric CO₂ poses significant threats to global climate stability, contributing to extreme weather events, sea-level rise, and ecosystem disruptions. In response, Direct Air Capture (DAC) is a promising negative-emission technology capable of removing dispersed CO₂ from the atmosphere. This paper reviews five different DAC methods, including liquid and solid sorbents, electrochemical approaches, and biological techniques. Key insights into their efficiency, scalability, and environmental impact are discussed. Additionally, this review highlights recent advancements in catalyst development and system integration, while also analyzing key challenges such as high energy consumption, material stability, and economic feasibility.
Yutong Chi (2025) studied this question.
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