The push-pull blood-collection method using peripheral intravenous catheters is an accurate method for serial blood sampling in hospitalized dogs: a prospective study of 70 dogs

Abstract Objective To compare blood parameters from samples collected by venipuncture versus a push-pull technique from a peripheral IV catheter (PIVC). Methods This prospective nonrandomized clinical study included dogs that required hospitalization with IV fluid therapy. Dogs were prospectively enrolled if they met the study criteria and owner consent was obtained. To be included, dogs had to weigh ≥ 10 kg and require hospitalization with IV fluid therapy. Exclusion criteria included confirmed or suspected coagulopathy or clinically relevant anemia (Hct < 0.30 L/L) or thrombocytopenia (platelet concentration < 100 X 10 9 /L). At the time of hospitalization, paired blood samples were collected via venous venipuncture and with the use of a push-pull technique with a freshly placed 20-gauge, 1.1 X 30-mm PIVC. Blood samples were submitted for CBC and biochemistry profiles. Samples were again collected after a minimum of 24 hours of hospitalization, with IV fluids and medications administered through the PIVC. Results 70 dogs were included, with 33 completing both time points. The venipuncture and PIVC methods had an overall positive correlation at both the T0 and T24 time points. Statistically significant, but not clinically relevant, differences were noted for several parameters. Leukogram indices were more likely to have discordant results. Despite observed differences, all blood indices with PIVC collection fell well within acceptable variation for clinical decision-making. Conclusions This push-pull PIVC sampling protocol is an effective and clinically appropriate method of blood collection in hospitalized dogs. Clinical Relevance This protocol may be used to reduce venipuncture in hospitalized dogs.