Purpose The apparel industry is the second-largest polluter globally. This study explores the adoption of Circular Economy (CE) practices through the 10R strategies in managing waste by the garment manufacturing industry in Sri Lanka. Design/methodology/approach The authors employ a qualitative approach, using an exploratory multiple case study design. The case companies were selected based on specific criteria aimed at identifying those that have made progress in shifting from a linear to a CE. The 10R framework is used for examining the CE practices adopted by these companies. Findings The study highlights how selected companies effectively implement CE practices for waste management. It explains on how SL manufacturers prioritize waste elimination and discusses the methods garment manufacturers employ in implementing 10R strategies for waste circularization. The study emphasizes the need for collaboration among supply chain partners and proactive buyers as primary external facilitators, along with leadership and internal motivation through CE-driven culture and knowledge sharing. Originality/value The primary findings of this study provide insights into the literature related to garment manufacturing companies, making the shift to the CE, which is a focal point within the apparel supply chain. The geographical and sectoral focus is original, especially given the limited research applying the complete 10R model in developing economies and throughout the garment industry in the Global South. The study especially aligns with UN 12th Sustainable Development Goal (Responsible Consumption and Production), thereby strengthening its practical and policy significance.
Mataraarachchi et al. (2026) studied this question.