The energy sector has gained increasing importance in recent years, playing a vital role in economic development at both national and global levels, especially in the shift towards a zero-carbon economy. This study provides a comprehensive overview, analysing green energy stocks and their trends from various perspectives and scenarios. The analysis is based on a thorough selection of academic sources sourced from scholarly databases, filtered using keywords related to climate change modelling and analysis. Key topics explored include the influence of green investments on oil prices, the effect of online environmental news on green industry stocks, the relationship between green energy indices and financial markets, the impact of spillovers between dirty and clean energy markets and global stock indices, and their effect on volatility transmission between green and conventional stocks. Additionally, the paper examines climate policy and the connection between green bonds and the green stock market. The central research question addressed is whether green energy stocks have a tangible impact on market trends. The future trajectory of the economy in the context of climate change is a critical issue with implications for both local and global economies. As such, this literature review covers various themes that, directly or indirectly, investigate the relationship between climate change and economic dynamics.
Răzvan Topa (2025) studied this question.